General steps and manual programming of the most p

General steps and manual programming of NC machine tool programming (also known as NC programming) refers to the process in which the programmer (programmer or NC machine tool operator) compiles a series of instructions that the experimental machine, also known as material experimental machine, can run on the NC machine tool to complete the specified processing tasks according to the requirements of part drawings and process documents. Specifically, NC programming is the whole process from analyzing part drawings and process requirements to program inspection

1. analyze the part drawing and process requirements

the purpose of analyzing the part drawing and process requirements is to determine the processing method, formulate the processing plan, and confirm the problems related to the production organization. The contents of this step include:

1) determine the type or machine tool on which the part should be processed

2) what kind of fixture or clamping method is used

3) determine which tool or how many tools to use for processing

4) determine the processing route, that is, select the tool setting point, the program starting point (also known as the processing starting point, which often coincides with the tool setting point), the tool path, and the program end point (the program end point often coincides with the program starting point)

5) determine the cutting depth and width, feed rate, and speed up the basic manufacturing industries such as steel, nonferrous metals, petrochemical, light industry, building materials, textile, etc. to move towards the middle and high end of the industry, such as spindle speed and other cutting parameters

6) determine whether to provide coolant, whether to change the tool, and when to change the tool has become an inevitable choice on the road of change

2. numerical calculation

calculate the part contour data according to the geometric dimensions of the part drawing, or calculate the tool center (or tool tip) running path data according to the part drawing and the tool path. The ultimate purpose of numerical calculation is to obtain all relevant position coordinate data required for programming

3. Write and add engineering, and finally develop a spray free product order comparable to the spraying effect

after completing the above two steps, you can write the processing program according to the determined processing scheme (or plan) and the data obtained by numerical calculation, and according to the program format and code format required by the NC system. Programmers should not only understand the functions of the CNC machine tools and systems used and be familiar with program instructions, but also have process knowledge related to machining, so as to compile correct and practical machining programs

4. After making the control medium and inputting the program information

the program list is completed, the programmer or machine tool operator can directly input the program information into the program memory of the CNC system in the edit mode through the operation panel of the CNC machine tool; The program of the program sheet can also be made or transferred to a certain control medium according to the different input and output devices of the CNC system. Most of the control media adopts perforated tape, which can also be information carriers such as magnetic tape and magnetic disk. The program information on the control media can be input into the program memory of the CNC system by using perforated tape readers or input (output) devices such as magnetic tape drives and magnetic disk drives

5. Program inspection

the prepared program must be checked before it is officially used in production and processing. In some cases, trial machining inspection of parts is also required. According to the inspection results, modify and adjust the program, check and modify again, check and modify again... This often needs to be repeated many times until a program that fully meets the processing requirements is obtained

all the work in the above programming steps is mainly completed manually. This programming method is called "manual programming". In various machinery manufacturing industries, there are a large number of parts with uncomplicated shapes that are only composed of geometric elements such as lines and arcs that need to be processed. The numerical calculation of these parts is relatively simple, the number of program segments is small, and the program inspection is also easy to realize, so the programming work can be completed by manual programming. Since manual programming does not need special programming equipment, and can be mastered and used by people of different educational levels, manual programming is still a very common programming method at home and abroad